abstract：:Although exposure to many industrially important monomers is controlled by law, few of these reactive chemicals have been determined in human tissues. Analogy with other fat-soluble organic substances strongly implies that these monomers may be retained in tissue, subject to the usual physiological constraints of meta...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wolff MS

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laboratory and room-scale experiments were conducted with natural and synthetic polymers: cotton, paper, wood, wool, acetate, acrylic, nylon, and urethane. Smoke and off-gases from single materials were generated in a dual-compartment 110-liter exposure chamber. Multicomponent, composite fuel loads were burned within ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wright PL,Adams CH

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simplified mathematical model which made use of Fick's laws of diffusion written in spherical coordinates was developed to describe the rate of diffusion of residual monomers from polymer resins. The properties of the monomer-polymer system which influenced the amount of monomer remaining in the polymer as a functio...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Piver WT

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies on the fate of 14C-labeled vinyl chloride (VC) following oral administration and inhalation exposure in rats demonstrated that the disposition of VC in the body is a function of the dose. More importantly, from the data available, it appears that a correlation exists between doses of VC which cause tumors and ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Watanabe PG,Gehring PJ

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diffuse pulmonary fibrosis is associated with bleomycin administration to humans. The sequential reactions of lung cells to this drug have now been investigated in mice following injection of 20 mg/kg bleomycin twice per week for 4 to 8 weeks. Cytoplasmic and subendothelial edema was first observed in large vessels an...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Adamson IY

更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relative advantages and disadvantages and important design criteria for various exposure methods are presented. Five types of exposures are discussed: whole-body chambers, head-only exposures, nose or mouth-only methods, lung-only exposures, and partial-lung exposures. Design considerations covered include: air cleani...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Phalen RF

更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential danger of natural mercury accumulation in the diet of the Eskimo is evaluated through mercury levels determined in cord blood, placenta, maternal blood, hair, and milk of 38 maternal-infant pairs from Anchorage and the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. Although mercury levels are not discernably dangerous, trends t...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Galster WA

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbon tetrachloride produces liver cell injury in a variety of animal species. The first structurally recognizable changes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum, with alteration in ribosome-membrane interactions. Later there is an increase in intracellular fat, and the formation of tangled nets of the ergastoplasm. At n...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Smuckler EA

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formamidines, a relatively new group of acaricide-insecticides, are novel both in their range of biological activities and in their mode of action, which is presently unknown. This paper is a review of the historical development, properties, structures, uses, and chemistry of this group of pesticides, with particu...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hollingworth RM

更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pheromones are substances emitted by one individual of a species and eliciting a specific response in a second individual of the same species. In moths (Lepidoptera) generally females lure males for mating by emission of a sex attractant pheromone comprised of either one or more components. Since 1966 the identificati...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Cardé RT

更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organophosphates in increasing amounts and wider varieties of molecular structure are being used to replace the organochlorine pesticides. It has been assumed that the organophosphates as a class would have a minimal chronic toxicity due to rapid hydrolysis and an unfavorable partitioning as regards to lipids. The phy...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Freed VH,Haque R,Schmedding D,Kohnert R

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were used to study the general activity and the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) during single-instance and long-term introduction of polychlorocamphene. Total lactate dehydrogenase activity decreases in the liver during the single-instance introduction of half the LD50 (120 mg/kg). The isoenzyme...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kuz'minskaya UA,Alekhina SM

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A meeting on Marine Biomedical Research, sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health and the Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History, was attended by approximately 125 scientists, directors and representatives from many of the country's marine b...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Bessey O

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The natural occurrence of palladium (Pd) is rare. It is obtained as a by-product during the extraction of platinum and, until the present time, its uses were small in number--principally in the manufacture of jewelry, dental alloys, chemical catalysts, and electrical contacts. Interest in Pd toxicology has been limite...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wiester MJ

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallothionein from livers of mice was isolated by gel chromatography and isoelectric focusing. One of two forms thus obtained contained 32 percent cysteine. This form, labeled in vitro with 109Cd, was injected intravenously in mice, and the distribution of 109Cd was studied. Animals killed after 4 hrs had over 80 pe...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Nordberg M,Nordberg GF

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Counties in the United States have been identified with chemical establishments whose primary manufacturing processes use vinyl chloride. Site-specific cancer mortality comparisons have revealed an excess of multiple myeloma in males associated with two of the manufacturing categories, synthetic rubber and synthetic f...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Mason TJ

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In rats, a single administration of acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide) produces a rapidly occurring bilateral adrenal apoplexy. Structure-activity studies have shown that a close derivative, propionitrile (ethyl cyanide), causes duodenal ulcer without markedly affecting the adrenal glands. Prolonging the two-carbon chain o...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Szabo S,Reynolds ES

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The additives and contaminants which occur in textile fibers vary widely, depending on the type of fiber and the pretreatment which it has received. Synthetic fibers such as nylon and polyester contain trace amounts of contaminants such as catalysts and catalyst deactivators which remain after the synthesis of the bas...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Barker RH

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical use of polymeric materials in the body to repair and restore damaged or diseased tissues and organs is substantially increasing on an annual basis. Concomitant with this use is an increase in materials related research on medically used polymers. Information on the historical and current clinical use of p...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： King RN,Lyman DJ

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past and current EPA research and regulatory programs as they relate to non-regulated emissions from light-duty motor vehicles are reviewed. Provisions of Sections 202(a) and 211 of the 1970 Clean Air Act Amendments are discussed and their relationships to the nonregulated emissions issue detailed. The EPA positio...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Moran JB

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfur trioxide in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is removed and concentrated by absorption in a solution of 80% isopropyl alcohol, which quantitatively absorbs it and inhibits the oxidation of any sulfur dioxide which may be absorbed. The absorbed sulfur trioxide (sulfuric acid) is determined by an ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Arnold DR

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicologic diseases of man and animals, associated with molds growing on foods, have been recognized for centuries. Only in recent years, however, have these mycotoxicoses received the attention of many laboratories and skilled scientists around the world in a broad inter-disciplinary effort. This review covers the l...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Newberne PM

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of chrysotile on DNA synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat were studied by measuring the uptake of tritium-labeled thymidine; whole stomach, small intestine, colon liver were removed, cleaned, and homogenized and the DNA was isolated and assayed for tritium label.A dose-response study indicate...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Amacher DE,Alarif A,Epstein SS

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increased gastrointestinal cancer risk is associated with occupational exposure to asbestos fiber. Examination of tissues obtained from extrapulmonary organs of exposed workmen demonstrates the presence of asbestos fibers and bodies. The amount of fiber present in these tissues is many magnitudes less than encounte...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Langer AM

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The problems of quantitating chrysotile in water by fiber count techniques are reviewed briefly and the use of mass quantitation is suggested as a preferable measure. Chrysotile fiber has been found in almost every sample of natural water examined, but generally transmission electron miscroscopy (TEM) is required beca...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Speil S

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic particulate matter in foods and drugs is discussed from the standpoint of determination by optical microscopy, source, and regulatory significance. Some particulate matter may be generated as extraneous material and traced to specific operational practices during processing and production with excessive leve...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Eisenberg WV

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The review of over 800 references on aluminum (Al) published since the mid-fifties covers the occurrence of Al in soil, air, water, plants and food products, as well as air and water pollution problems. In addition, the existing quality criteria, the biology and toxicology of Al, and the therapeutic and medical uses a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Sorenson JR,Campbell IR,Tepper LB,Lingg RD

更新日期：1974-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lead exposure of children and their mothers has been studied in two towns with mean soil lead contents of 900 and 400 ppm. No significant difference in blood or fecal lead contents was demonstrated between the two populations, but a small difference in hair lead content was shown. The blood lead content of childre...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Barltrop D,Strehlow CD,Thorton I,Webb JS

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead encephalopathy was induced in developing Long-Evans rats by adding lead carbonate (4% w/w) to the diet of nursing mother immediately after delivery. The morphological and biochemical features of cerebral ontogenesis were studied in 30-day-old rats. By the 30th postnatal day, the overall effect of lead intoxicatio...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Krigman MR,Hogan EL

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00